Роберт - 33 стратегии войны
В то же время крайне важно позаботиться о сохранении морального превосходства. Пока вы являетесь жертвой, подвергшейся нападению, преимущество в этом смысле на вашей стороне, однако вы можете его мгновенно лишиться, организовав агрессивную контратаку. Моральное превосходство — не роскошь, а важнейший стратегический ход, военная хитрость: мировое общественное мнение и отношения с другими народами помогут вам изолировать террористов и предотвратить появление разногласий. Все это требует от вас готовности вести длительную войну, причем войну закулисную, тайную. Спокойный, но решительный отпор, отказ от истерических, чрезмерных реакций оказываются сдерживающими средствами по отношению к противнику. Покажите, что ваши намерения серьезны, заставьте своих противников почувствовать это, не шумными заявлениями, сделанными ради достижения политических целей — это не признак силы, — а применением хладнокровно рассчитанных стратегий, с помощью которых вы загоните их в угол.
В мире, где открыты границы и все теснейшим образом связаны между собой, невозможно достичь полной безопасности. Вопрос в том, насколько велика угроза, рядом с которой мы готовы существовать? Тот, кто силен, может справиться с необходимостью жить при определенном уровне возможной опасности. Паника, истерия позволяют судить о том, насколько серьезную победу одержал неприятель, так же как и чрезмерно жесткие защитные меры, предпринимая которые общество и цивилизация в целом становятся заложниками горстки террористов.
Образ: Цунами. Какая-то сила вздымает воду далеко в море — подземные толчки, извержение вулкана, обвал. Волна, сначала маленькая, высотой всего в несколько дюймов, начинает расти, становясь больше, а потом еще больше, толчки из глубины придают ей мощи, пока она не разбивается о берег с невообразимой разрушительной силой.
Авторитетное мнение:
Нет удела хуже, чем находиться постоянно под стражей, ибо это означает, что ты всегда боишься.
— Юлий Цезарь (100—44 до н. э.)ОБОРОТНАЯ СТОРОНА Оборотная сторона терроризма — прямая, симметричная война, возвращение к самым основам военного дела, к честным и открытым сражениям по правилам, простому противопоставлению силы силе — к сожалению, следует признать, что для современного мира такие стратегии архаичны и бесполезны.
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
Alinsky,Saul D. Rules for Radicals. New York: Vintage Books, 1972.
Beer, Sir Gavin de. Hannibal. New York: Viking, 1969.
Brown, Anthony Cave. Bodyguard of Lies. New York: Bantam Books, 1976. Chambers, James. The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New
York: Atheneum, 1979.
Chandler, David G. The Art of Warfare on Land. London: Penguin Books, 1974. The Campaigns of Napoleon. New York: Macmillan, 1966.
Clausewitz, Carl von. On War. Michael Howard and Peter Paret, eds. and trs. New
York: Everyman's Library, 1993.
Cohen, Eliot A. and John Gooch. Military Misfortunes: The Anatomy of Failure in
War. New York: Vintage Books, 1991.
Creveld, Martin van. Command in War. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University
Press, 1985.
Douglass, Frederick. My Bondage and My Freedom. New York: Penguin Books, 2003.
Dupuy, Colonel T. N. A Genius for War: The German Army and General Staff, 1807–1945. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1977.
Foofe, Shelby. The Civil War: A Narrative (3 volumes). New York: Vintage Books, 1986.
Green, Peter. The Greco-Persian Wars. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
Haley, Jay. Strategies of Psychotherapy. New York: Grune and Stratton, 1963. Hammond, Grant T. The Mind of War: John Boyd and American Security.
Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2001.
Hart, В. Н. Liddell. Strategy. New York: A Meridian Book, 1991. Kissinger, Henry. A World Restored. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1957. Kjetsaa, Geir. Fyodor Dostoyevsky: A Writer's Life. Siri Hustvedt and David
McDuff, trs. New York: Viking, 1987.
Lawrence, Т. Е. Seven Pillars of Wisdom. New York: Anchor Books, 1991. Leonard, Maurice. Mae West: Empress of Sex. New York: A Birch Lane Press
Book, 1992.
Lewis, Bernard. The Assassins: A Radical Sect in Islam. New York: Oxford
University Press, 1987.
Madariaga, Salvador de. Hernan Cortes: Conqueror of Mexico. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1969.
Mansfield, Harvey С Machiavelli's Virtue. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
Morris, Donald R. The Washing of the Spears: The Rise and Fall of the Zulu Nation. New York: Da Capo Press, 1998.
Musashi, Miyamoto. The Way to Victory: The Annotated Book of Five Rings. Translated and commentary by Hidy Ochiai. Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press, 2001.
Nietzsche, Friedrich. Ecce Homo. R.J. Hollingdale, tr. London: Penguin Books, 1992.
Picq, Colonel Ardant du. Battle Studies: Ancient and Modem Battle. Colonel John
N. Greely and Major Robert C. Cotton, trs. New York: Macmillan, 1921. Poole, H. John. Phantom Soldier: The Enemy's Answer to U.S. Firepower.
Emerald Isle, NC: Posterity Press, 2001.
Potter, Stephen. The Complete Upmanship. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971.
Schmitt, Carl. The Concept of the Political. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.
Spoto, Donald. The Dark Side of Genius: The Life of Alfred Hitchcock. New York: Da Capo Press, 1999.
Sugawara, Makoto. The Lives of Master Swordsmen. Tokyo: The East Publications, 1985.
Sun-tzu. The Art of Warfare. Translated and with commentary by Roger T. Ames. New York: Ballantine Books, 1993.
Sword and the Mind, The. Translated and with introduction by Hiroaki Sato. Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press, 1986.
Tomkins, Calvin. Duchamp: A Biography. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1996. Tsunetomo, Yamamato. Hagakure: The Book of the Samurai. William Scott
Wilson, tr. Tokyo: Kodansha International, 1983.
Wilden, Anthony. Man and Woman, War and Peace: The Strategist's Companion. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1987.
Wilhelm, Richard. The I Ching (or Book of Changes). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1977.
Wiles of War: 36 Military Strategies from Ancient China, The. Compiled and translated by Sun Haichen. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1991. Xenophon's Anabasis: The March Up Country. W.H.D. Rouse, tr. New York:
A Mentor Classic, 1959.
Young, Desmond. Rommel. London: Collins, 1950.
Автор выражает огромную благодарность за позволение использовать выдержки из следующих работ:
Religious Mythology and the Art of War: Comparative Religious Symbolisms of Military Violence by James A. Aho. Copyright 1981 by James A. Aho. Reprinted by permission of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., Westport, Connecticut.
Dragonwars: Armed Struggle and the Conventions of Modem Warby J. Bowyer
Bell. Copyright 1999 by Transaction Publishers. Reprinted by permission of Transaction Publishers.
Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox by James MacGregor Burns. Copyright 1956 by James MacGregor Burns. Copyright renewed 1984 by James MacGregor Bums. Reprinted by permission of Harcourt, Inc.
The Year of Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Powerby Robert A. Caro. Copyright 1982 by Robert A. Caro. Used by permission of Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc.
Journey to Ixtlan: The Lessons of Don Juan by Carlos Castaneda. Copyright 1972 by Carlos Castaneda. Abridged and used by permission of Simon & Schuster Adult Publishing Group.
The Art of War in World History: From Antiquity to the Nuclear Age, edited by Gerard Chaliand. Copyright 1994 by The Regents of the University of California. By permission of the University of California Press.
Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. by Ron Chernow. Copyright 1998 by
Ron Chernow. Reprinted by permission of Random House, Inc. Clausewltz on Strategy: Inspiration and Insight from a Master Strategist, edited by Tiha von Ghyczy, Bolko von Oetinger, and Christopher Bassford (John Wiley & Sons). Copyright 2001 by The Boston Consulting Group, Inc. Reprinted by permission of The Strategy Institute.
On Warby Carl von Clausewltz, edited and translated by Michael Howard and
Peter Paret. Copyright 1976 by Princeton University Press, renewed 2004 by Princeton University Press. Reprinted by permission of Princeton University Press.
Command in Warby Martin van Creveld. Copyright 1985 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. Reprinted by permission of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
The Generalship of Alexander the Greatby].F. C. Fuller. Copyright I960 by J.F.C. Fuller. Reprinted by permission of Rutgers University Press.
Grant and Lee: A Study in Personality and Generalship by J.F.C. Fuller (Indiana University Press). Copyright 1957 by J.F.C. Fuller. By permission of David Higham Associates.
Julius Caesar: Man, Soldier and Tyrantby J.F.C. Fuller. Copyright 1965 by J.F.C. Fuller. Reprinted by permission of Rutgers University Press.
The Greco-Persian Wars by Peter Green. Copyright 1996 by Peter Green. Reprinted by permission of University of California Press.
Strategies of Psychotherapy by Jay Haley (Triangle Press). Copyright 1967 by Jay Haley. By permission of the author.
Masters of War: Classic Strategic Thoughthy Michael 1. Handel (Frank Cass Publishers). Copyright 1992 by Michael 1. Handel. Reprinted by permission of Taylor & Francis Book;
Iliad by Homer, translated by Stanley Lombardo. Copyright 1997 by Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. Reprinted by permission of Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Head Game: Baseball Seen from the Pitcher's Mound by Roger Kahn.
Copyright 2000 Hook Slide, Inc. Reprinted by permission of Harcourt, Inc. A World Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh and the Problems of Peace 1812—
J822 by Henry Kissinger (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1957). Reprinted by permission of the publisher.
The Anatomy of the Zulu Army: From Shaka to Cetshwayo 1818—1879by Ian Knight. Copyright 1995 by Ian Knight. Reprinted by permission of Greenhill Books, London.
SamuraiZen: Tfle Warrior Koansby Trevor Leggett (Routledge). Copyright 2002 by The Trevor Leggett Adhyatma Yoga Trust. Reprinted by permission of Taylor & Francis Books.
The Art of Maneuver: Maneuver-Warfare Theory and Airland Battle by Robert R. Leonhard. Copyright 1991 by Robert R. Leonhard. Used by permission of Presidio Press, an imprint of The Ballantine Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc.
Hitter: The Life and Turmoils of Ted Williams by Ed Linn. Copyright 1993 by Edward A. Linn. Reprinted by permission of Harcourt, Inc.
The Ramayana of R. K. Narayan by R. K. Narayan. Copyright R. K. Narayan, 1972. Used by permission of Viking Penguin, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc.
The Gay Science by Friedrich Nietzsche, edited by Bernard Williams, translated by Josefine Nauckhoff. Copyright 2001 by Cambridge University Press. Reprinted by permission of Cambridge University Press.
Human, All Too Human: A Book of Free Spirits by Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by R.J. Hollingdale. Copyright 1986, 1996 by Cambridge University Press. Reprinted by permission of Cambridge University Press.
The Art of Political Warfare by John J. Pitney, Jr. Copyright 2000 by University of Oklahoma Press. Reprinted by permission of University of Oklahoma Press.
The Tao of Spycraft: Intelligence Theory and Practice in Traditional China by Ralph D. Sawyer. Copyright 1998 by Ralph D. Sawyer. Reprinted by permission of Westview Press, a member of Perseus Books, LLC.
The Art of War by Sun-tzu, translated by Ralph D. Sawyer. Copyright 1994 by Ralph D. Sawyer. Reprinted by permission of Westview Press, a member of Perseus Books, LLC.
Sun-tzu: The Art of Warfare by Sun-tzu, translated by Roger T. Ames. Copyright 1993 by Roger T. Ames. Used by permission of Ballantine Books, a division of Random House, Inc.